What is tarmac?
Tarmac (tarmacadam) is a bound aggregate surface material made by mixing crushed stone with hot bitumen to create a durable wearing course for driveways and roads.
The term tarmac is short for tarmacadam, a surface composed of crushed stone held together by bitumen, a petroleum-based binder. It forms the dark wearing layer you see on most UK driveways, car parks, and roads. Bitumen is heated to around 160 degrees Celsius and mixed with aggregate before being laid and compacted into place.
In everyday British usage, tarmac and asphalt are often used interchangeably, though technically they are not identical. Asphalt is a naturally occurring bituminous material or a manufactured product containing bitumen, while tarmac specifically refers to the bound aggregate laid on site. The distinction matters less in practice than the quality of installation and maintenance.
Tarmac is valued for its durability, cost-effectiveness, and weather resistance. It can be laid relatively quickly and tolerates the freeze-thaw cycles common in the Cheltenham climate. Over time, UV exposure and traffic cause it to oxidise and crack, requiring periodic maintenance such as sealing or patching to extend its lifespan. When tarmac reaches the end of its life, it can often be recycled into new material.
If you are planning a new driveway or resurfacing an existing one, experienced paving contractors can assess whether tarmac suits your site conditions and budget. Explore driveway paving providers in your area to discuss options.